Zeigt Titel in Wissenschaft

Dive into Oscar Wildes captivating exploration of individuality and artistic freedom in Soul of Man. Originally published as The Soul of Man Under Socialism, this work transcends conventional political analysis, presenting a vibrant manifesto advocating for the Individual. Wilde argues that socialism, by harnessing technology, liberates humanity from the shackles of soul-crushing labor, allowing the State to fade away and paving the way for a joyful, anarchic hedonism. He provocatively asks, Is this Utopian? and asserts that a world map without Utopia is incomplete, as it neglects the one ...

Dive into an empirical exploration of how specific meteorological conditions impact our mental and physiological states. This insightful study reveals the undeniable connections between seasonal and daily climatic changes and human behavior. By examining meteorological records—such as heat, wind, humidity, and barometric pressure—and comparing them to behavioral data from schools, courts, police, banks, and even traditional proverbs, the author paints a vivid picture of this intricate relationship. While these findings are not meant to be the final word on the subject, they are intended to...

In this insightful tripartite essay, which appears under various titles such as “On the Popular Judgment” (translated by J. Richardson), “On the Old Saw” (E.B. Ashton), or “On the Common Saying” (by M.J. Gregor and H.B. Nisbet), Kant explores the intricate relationship between theory and practice from three distinct angles. He addresses Christian Garve’s critique of his moral philosophy, differentiates his views from those of Thomas Hobbes, and engages with the ideas of Moses Mendelssohn. Together, these sections encapsulate the depth of Kant’s moral and political thought, ...

In this thought-provoking work, Freud delves into three pivotal aspects of human sexuality. First, he explores sexual perversions or aberrations, asserting that the tendency towards perversions is an inherent and universal part of the human sexual instinct, with roots traceable to childhood. Next, he addresses The Infantile Sexuality, presenting the idea that children experience sexual urges, which gradually evolve into adult sexuality through psychosexual development. Freud identifies various manifestations of infantile sexual emotions, such as thumb-sucking, autoeroticism, and sibling ...

Originally published in Latin in 1644 and later translated into French in 1647, The Principles of Philosophy by René Descartes unveils the foundational principles of nature and the Laws of Physics through his unique lens. This groundbreaking work offers a systematic exploration of natural philosophy and metaphysics, presenting the first truly comprehensive, mechanistic view of the universe. Selections from the Principles of Philosophy includes the entirety of the first part, Of the Principles of Human Knowledge, along with selected passages from the second part, Of the Principles of Material ...

Dive into the world of Theophrastus (c. 371 – c. 287 BC), the ancient Greek philosopher who succeeded Aristotle in the Peripatetic School. Renowned for his contributions across various fields—biology, geology, physics, metaphysics, psychology, ethics, and logic—he crafted a remarkable collection titled Characters. This work presents thirty vivid and incisive sketches of moral archetypes, offering a fascinating glimpse into the life of his era and the essence of human nature. These character portrayals, the earliest systematic attempts at character writing, resonate with modern readers, ...

First penned in Gandhis native Gujarati, this impactful booklet champions the cause of non-violent self-rule for India during its struggle against British colonialism. Presented as a dialogue between two characters, the Reader embodies the typical Indian citizen of the time, expressing common beliefs and doubts about independence. In contrast, Gandhi, the Editor, thoughtfully dismantles these arguments, offering profound insights on self-reliance, passive resistance, and the essence of Indian identity. Originally banned by British authorities in India, Gandhi translated the work into English ...

In this thought-provoking episode, we delve into the ideas of John McTaggart, a British metaphysician renowned for his philosophical idealism. We explore his seminal article in the periodical Mind, where he presents the intriguing concepts of the A, B, and C series—a framework that has significantly shaped our understanding of the nature of time.

In this insightful exploration, we delve into the far-reaching consequences that a nuclear war could unleash upon our planet. From environmental devastation to societal upheaval, the potential effects are both complex and extensive. Join us as we navigate these critical perspectives on a topic that profoundly impacts us all. (Summary by Allyson Hester)

In Socialism Utopian and Scientific (1880), Engels explores the vital distinction between scientific socialism and utopian socialism. He begins by tracing the ideas of key utopian thinkers, starting with Saint-Simon, before delving into the contributions of Fourier and Robert Owen. In the second chapter, he provides an insightful summary of dialectics, reflecting on the philosophical evolution from ancient Greece to Hegel. The third chapter connects dialectics to economic and social struggles, resonating with Marxs profound insights. Join us as we unpack these pivotal ideas that have shaped ...

In this thought-provoking work, David Hume, the distinguished Scottish philosopher, historian, and essayist, delves into the essence and foundation of morals. Written as an accessible summary of Book III from his seminal work, A Treatise of Human Nature, Hume invites us to ponder a critical debate Are morals derived from reason or sentiment? Do we understand them through logic and induction, or by instinctive feelings and a subtle internal sense? He challenges us to consider whether moral truths are universal for all rational beings or if they vary based on the unique constitution of humanity....

Dive into The Philosophy of Logical Atomism, a captivating series of lectures by the renowned Bertrand Russell (1872-1970). In these thought-provoking discussions, Russell explores a variety of profound topics, such as the nature of propositions, their relationship to facts, different categories of words, and the existence of various types of facts. He delves into concepts of monism and pluralism, alongside insightful reflections on philosophical logic and reference. With inspiration drawn from his former pupil, Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951), Russell aims to thoroughly articulate these ...

In The Problems of Philosophy, Bertrand Russell offers an engaging and accessible exploration of the key dilemmas in philosophy. He emphasizes knowledge over metaphysics, inviting readers to dive into thought-provoking discussions. Russell skillfully distinguishes between knowledge by acquaintance and knowledge by description, while introducing pivotal theories from influential thinkers like Plato, Aristotle, René Descartes, David Hume, John Locke, Immanuel Kant, and Georg Hegel. This work serves as a foundational guide for both casual readers and scholars eager to embark on their ...

Global Trends 2030 Alternative Worlds is the fifth installment in the National Intelligence Council’s series, published in 2012, designed to provide a framework for future thinking. This report stimulates strategic thinking by identifying critical trends and potential discontinuities. It differentiates between megatrends—factors expected to play out in any scenario—and game-changers—key variables with unpredictable trajectories. As the worlds complexity increases, there is a growing focus on exploring scenarios or alternative worlds at this pivotal moment in human history. The report ...

In this captivating two-part exploration, Princess Catherine Radziwill reveals Rasputin not as a powerful mystic, but rather as a charlatan and unwitting pawn of Germany. Part one delves into the social and religious landscape of pre-WWI Russia, analyzing the unique cultural conditions that enabled Rasputin to rise to prominence. Radziwill dismantles the myth of Rasputins significant influence in the Russian government, portraying him instead as a hedonistic, illiterate peasant manipulated into furthering Germanys agenda. Through firsthand accounts from Radziwill and others, listeners gain an ...

In Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, David Hume presents a concise and accessible version of his seminal work, A Treatise of Human Nature. Aimed at reaching a broader audience, this enlightening text addresses the sharp critiques aimed at his earlier book. Hume delves into his epistemological theories while challenging the ideas of prominent philosophers such as John Locke, George Berkeley, and Nicolas Malebranche. Join us as we explore Humes thought-provoking insights into the nature of human understanding. (Summary by Kirsten Ferreri)

Volume 3 delves into the complexities of the sexual impulse, examining the intricate relationship between love and pain. In this exploration, I discuss the phenomena often labeled as sadism and masochism, shedding light on these extreme sexual perversions. Rather than just presenting a medico-legal perspective, I aim to explain these aberrations, linking them to the fundamental aspects of the sexual impulse and suggesting that, in their most basic forms, they can be seen as normal. These threads of behavior are interwoven throughout the psychological landscape of sexuality, appearing at ...

Dive into The Art of Controversy (or The Art of Being Right) (Die Kunst, Recht zu Behalten), a thought-provoking treatise penned by German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer in 1831. In this insightful work, Schopenhauer unveils thirty-eight strategies designed to give you an edge in arguments, allowing you to triumph in debate—even when you’re not in the right. He advocates for the importance of dialectical reasoning, which he believes has been overlooked in favor of pure logic. Schopenhauer also explores the divide between our conscious intellect and our underlying will. This classic text ...

Dive into these twenty-eight engaging lectures designed for laymen, where Freud candidly explores the challenges and limitations of psychoanalysis. With his characteristic clarity, he outlines the fundamental methods and results of this transformative discipline, offering insights that only the originator of a new school of thought can provide. This accessible text is a must-read for both the burgeoning community of psychoanalysis students and those eager to embark on their journey into this fascinating field. Prepare to see Freud in a new light as a compelling popularizer of complex ideas.

Step back in time with World’s Famous Orations, Vol. V - Great Britain - III, where you’ll explore a captivating collection of powerful speeches curated by renowned orator William Jennings Bryan and scholar Francis Whiting Halsey in 1906. This volume focuses exclusively on British speakers, showcasing eloquence and persuasion from 1865 to 1906. Beginning with a compelling address on the Canadian Confederation and concluding with thought-provoking discussions on Liberalism, these speeches reflect the evolving landscape of British thought and society. Join us as we delve into the art of ...