Summary

A mysterious virus is consuming human lives in northern Kerala. Fear, panic and uncertainty start sowing the seeds of misinformation among the communities.

Team

Executive Producer & Principal Investigator: Santosh Vijaykumar Podcast Producer: Amrita Singh Podcast Co-Producer: Aarti Sahasranaman Graphic Designer: Swati Sharma

Music Credits

1. “Outside Visitors” by Sarah Santana 2. “Folk Secrets Music Project” by Vayali Bamboo Band 3. “Timelapsed Tides” by Asher Fulero 4. “Magical Glade” by Soul Candle 5. “Spirit of the Dead” by Aakash Gandhi 6. “Walk into the Village” by Vayali Bamboo Band

News Audio Clippings

1. Nipah Virus Claims 10 Lives In Kerala, 2 Critical (NDTV, May 2018) 2. Kerala's Battle With Nipah (CNBC-TV18, May 2018) 3. Deadly Nipah virus claims lives in India (Al Jazeera English, May 2018) 4. Nipah Virus Claims 2 More Lives In Kerala's Kozhikode; Death Toll Rises To 15 (NDTV, May 2018) 5. Is India Fully Equipped To Handle The Nipah Outbreak? | Faceoff With Zakka Jacob (CNN-News18, June 2019)

References

1. “How Sabith contracted Nipah virus: Kerala anthropologist traces first victim’s life”, The News Minute, October 4, 2018 2. “Tracking Nipah outbreak: Sabith, Patient No. 1 infected all but one”, The Indian Express, July 15, 2018 3. “Nipah virus: Anatomy of an outbreak”, The Hindu, June 2, 2018 “Dr G Arun Kumar interview on Nipah Virus outbreak in Calicut”, Youtube, June 6, 2018 4. “Tracking the Nipah Virus”, Hopkins Bloomberg Public Health Magazine, Fall 2019 5. “Nipah Virus (NiV)”, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, March 20, 2014 6. “First Nipah casualty did eat fruits bitten by bats: Probe”, OnManorama, October 3, 2018 7. “Lini Puthuserry died of the Nipah virus on May 21st”, The Economist, June 2, 2018 8. “WHO pays tribute to Kerala nurse who died of Nipah virus infection”, The Hindu, June 5, 2018 9. “Kerala nurse Lini who died treating Nipah patient honoured with Florence Nightingale award”, The Indian Express, December 6, 2019 10. “Life in the time of Nipah”, The Times of India, June 2, 2018

Summary

Online misinformation in now flying around in various forms, threatening to derail the Nipah response. Quick and nimble coordinated responses start emerging.

Team

Executive Producer & Principal Investigator: Santosh Vijaykumar Podcast Producer: Amrita Singh Podcast Co-Producer: Aarti Sahasranaman Graphic Designer: Swati Sharma

Music Credits

1. “Under Cover” by Wayne Jones 2. “Dark Toys” by SYBS 3. “Resolution” by Wayne Jones 4. “The battle of 1066” by Patrick Patrikios 5. “Nocturnally” by Amulets 6. “Digital Dreaming”, Music by CO.AG 7. “One”, (Album: Navarasam) by Thaikkudam Bridge 8. “Raga - Dance of Music” by Aakash Gandhi

References

1. Zarocostas, J. (2020). "How to fight an infodemic." The Lancet 395(10225): 676. 2. GOV.UK (2020). "Government cracks down on spread of false coronavirus information online." Retrieved May 7, 2020, from https://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-cracks-down-on-spread-of-false-coronavirus-information-online. 3. Smith, R. D. (2006). "Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks: lessons from SARS on the role of risk perception, communication and management." Social science & medicine 63(12): 3113-3123. 4. McAlonan, G. M., et al. (2007). "Immediate and sustained psychological impact of an emerging infectious disease outbreak on health care workers." The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 52(4): 241-247. 5. Joffe, H. (2011). "Public apprehension of emerging infectious diseases: are changes afoot?" Public Understanding of Science 20(4): 446-460 Wagner-Egger, P., et al. (2011). "Lay perceptions of collectives at the outbreak of the H1N1 epidemic: heroes, villains and victims." Public Understanding of Science 20(4): 461-476. 6. Livemint (2020). "How WhatsApp forwards on coronavirus broke the ₹1 tn Indian poultry industry." Retrieved May 7, 2020, from https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/features/how-whatsapp-forwards-on-coronavirus-broke-the-1-7-bn-indian-poultry-industry-11584715653782.html.

Summary

Experts tell us about how misinformation plays into our psychological instincts and how news and data literacy can help us build misinformation resilient societies.

Team

Executive Producer & Principal Investigator: Santosh Vijaykumar Podcast Producer: Amrita Singh Podcast Co-Producer: Aarti Sahasranaman Graphic Designer: Swati Sharma

Music Credits

1. “Butterflies in Love” by Sir Cubworth 2. “Pippin the Hunchback”, by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Unported license(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) 3. Source: https://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1400005 4. Artist: http://incompetech.com/ 5. “English Country Garden” by Aaron Kenny 6. “Boardroom Theme” by Unicorn Heads 7. Light Sting by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) 8. Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100433 9. Artist: http://incompetech.com/

References

1. Nyhan, B. and J. Reifler (2010). "When corrections fail: The persistence of political misperceptions." Political Behavior 32(2): 303-330. 2. Nyhan, B., et al. (2014). "Effective messages in vaccine promotion: a randomized trial." Pediatrics 133(4): e835-e842. 3. https://www.who.int/teams/risk-communication/epi-win-updates 4. Briand, S. (2020). "Managing the Infodemic: A critical condition for an effective global response to the COVID-19 pandemic." Retrieved May 8, 2020, from https://www.oecd-forum.org/users/391600-sylvie-briand/posts/66752-managing-the-infodemic-a-critical-condition-for-an-effective-global-response-to-the-covid-19-pandemic. 5. https://www.who.int/teams/risk-communication 6. The Verge (2020). "Facebook was marking legitimate news articles about the coronavirus as spam due to a software bug." Retrieved May 8, 2020, from https://www.theverge.com/2020/3/17/21184445/facebook-marking-coronavirus-posts-spam-misinformation-covid-19. 7. BBC (2020). "Coronavirus: Facebook alters virus action after damning misinformation report." Retrieved May 8, 2020. 8. WhatsApp (2020). "Keeping WhatsApp personal and private." Retrieved May 8, 2020, from https://blog.whatsapp.com/Keeping-WhatsApp-Personal-and-Private. 9. Fast Company (2019). "Pinterest is escalating its fight against anti-vaxxers as measles surge in the U.S.". Retrieved May 8, 2020, from https://www.fastcompany.com/90396075/pinterest-is-escalating-its-fight-against-anti-vaxxers-as-measles-surge-in-the-u-s. 10. TechCrunch (2020). "Facebook, Reddit, Google, LinkedIn, Microsoft, Twitter and YouTube issue joint statement on misinformation." Retrieved May 8, 2020, from https://techcrunch.com/2020/03/16/facebook-reddit-google-linkedin-microsoft-twitter-and-youtube-issue-joint-statement-on-misinformation/. 11. Verbruggen, Y. (2020). "Covid-19: attempts to curb ‘disinfodemic’ run risk of curtailing freedom of expression." Retrieved May 8, 2020, from https://www.ibanet.org/Article/NewDetail.aspx?ArticleUid=AB409845-E52D-4E01-91EB-2162EBB6E6CF. 12. Vraga, E. K. and M. Tully (2019). "News literacy, social media behaviors, and skepticism toward information on social media." Information, Communication & Society: 1-17. 13. Cook, J., et al. (2017). "Neutralizing misinformation through inoculation: Exposing misleading argumentation techniques reduces their influence." PloS one 12(5).