Life learned to speak in Episode 4. Now it’s time to speak clearly. Tina gets her anticodon. Rick becomes Darth Vader. The wobble gives evolution room to experiment. And LUCA emerges - the ancestor of all life on Earth.

How did life go from random chaos to organized machinery? Three-letter words. In this episode, we meet the RNA family - Mary, Rick, and Tina - and discover how they invented the genetic code. The same code you, me, E. coli, and blue whales all still use today.

How did life begin from non-life?

In this episode of From Cells to Us… How!?, we go all the way back—before biology had a name—to explore how chemistry on early Earth may have produced the first living systems.

We talk lightning, oceans, RNA, and the messy, improbable process that eventually led to life. No textbooks. No prerequisites. Just curiosity.

RNA can store information—but it can’t do everything alone.

In this episode, we explore how amino acids entered the picture and why life needed molecular “workers” to survive and evolve.

RNA was first—but DNA changed everything.

This episode explores why life switched to DNA for long-term storage and how that shift made complexity possible.