Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

In this episode, Cadet Orion Van Buskirk is joined by retired Lt. Gen. Leslie Smith, whose career began in the field altillery and culminated in his service as inspector general of the Army. He covers a range of subjects during the discussion, including leadership in moments of crisis, the vital role of standards in the profession of arms, and the emerging challenges of large-scale combat operations.

Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

Drawing from his 37-year Army career, retired Lieutenant General James Dubik reflects on leadership, moral responsibility, and institutional reform in a wide-ranging conversation with Cadet Nicholas Finke. From his unconventional path into the Army after leaving the seminary to commanding the Army’s first Stryker Brigade Combat Team and leading multinational efforts in Iraq, General Dubik emphasizes urgency, adaptability, and humility in leadership. He discusses the moral weight of warfare, arguing that while technology may increase physical distance from the battlefield, it never creates distance from a soldier’s conscience. Across roles from platoon leader to three-star general, General Dubik underscores a consistent lesson: treat people with dignity and respect, remain humble, and tap into the expertise within your formation.

The conversation also explores the complexities of building partner forces and leading large multinational commands in combat. General Dubik highlights America’s strengths in tactical training while candidly addressing institutional impatience and the difficulty of building enduring military and police institutions abroad. He reflects on the importance of strategic patience, the iterative nature of improvement in wartime leadership, and the irreplaceable role of human presence, even in an era of rapid technological change. Closing with personal reflections, he offers advice to his younger self about balancing professional duty with family life and models how retired generals can responsibly engage in national security debates by focusing on policy rather than partisanship.

Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

In this wide-ranging interview conducted by Cadet Emily Wilczek, Brigadier General Shane Reeves, the dean of the academic board at the United States Military Academy at West Point, reflects on his path to service, his role as West Point’s dean, and the central importance of intellectual development in preparing officers for modern warfare. Drawing on his family’s long military tradition and his own experience as an armor officer and judge advocate general, General Reeves emphasizes that the academy’s core mission is to build an intellectual foundation that enables cadets to navigate uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity rather than freeze in the face of it. The discussion ranges from the inseparability of academic rigor and operational effectiveness to the enduring importance of character in the profession of arms to emerging technologies like AI.