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Plan Sea: Ocean Interventions to Address Climate Change

Plan Sea: Ocean Interventions to Address Climate Change

Von: Wil Burns and Anna Madlener
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Plan Sea is hosted by Wil Burns, Co-Director of the Institute for Responsible Carbon Removal at American University, and Anna Madlener, Senior Manager for monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) at the Carbon to Sea Initiative.


As co-hosts, Wil and Anna invite guests to the podcast each episode to discuss potential ocean-based climate solutions, particularly approaches that lead to carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere. The podcast scrutinizes risks and benefits of these options, as well as matters of governance, community engagement, ethics, and politics.

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  • Congresswoman Suzanne Bonamici on the ReSCUE Oceans Act and Bipartisan Support for mCDR

    Congresswoman Suzanne Bonamici on the ReSCUE Oceans Act and Bipartisan Support for mCDR
    Sep 10 2026
    In this special video episode of Plan Sea, host Wil Burns and guest host Priyanka Hooghan, Senior Manager of Policy at Carbon to Sea, sit down with Congresswoman Suzanne Bonamici (D-OR) on Capitol Hill to discuss growing federal support for marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) research. As co-chair of the Bipartisan Oceans Caucus, Congresswoman Bonamici discusses her sponsorship of the ReSCUE Oceans Act, bipartisan legislation that would establish a federal framework for responsible mCDR research, including ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE). Congresswoman Bonamici also shares how her long-standing work on ocean acidification has informed her approach to ocean policy, why ocean health draws support well beyond coastal districts, and how the field can advance responsibly.Congresswoman Bonamici represents much of Oregon’s North Coast, and has spent her career addressing the environmental and economic impacts of ocean acidification. When her constituents struggled to raise oysters, she worked with researchers at Oregon State University and local shellfish growers to better understand how ocean acidification was affecting the region's shellfish and coastal economies. She shares with Wil and Priyanka how that work contributed to her broader efforts to strengthen federal ocean-climate research, including sponsoring the ReSCUE Oceans Act. The ReSCUE Oceans Act proposes bringing together federal science agencies — including NOAA, NASA, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the National Science Foundation — to support mCDR research and develop responsible guidelines for the field. In discussing the legislation, Rep. Bonamici addresses rising threats to federal science agencies and ocean observation programs, underscoring the importance of maintaining scientific expertise at government agencies like NOAA. She also stresses the importance of involving scientists, fishing communities, Indigenous tribes, and other rightsholders in both policymaking and implementation around potential ocean-climate solutions.“We want to have all the voices around the table,” said Congresswoman Bonamici. “Whenever you're making policy about the ocean, you need to make sure that people who fish for a living, people who are Indigenous, our tribes, are involved. So we want to have a broad conversation and really work with the scientific experts on getting that framework so we have responsible guidelines for marine carbon dioxide removal. And we're doing it in a responsible way.”Congresswoman Bonamici also discusses the bipartisan support for the bill, with Congressman Buddy Carter (R-GA) co-leading the House effort and Senators Brian Schatz (D-HI) and Lisa Murkowski (R-AK) advancing companion legislation in the Senate. She explains how healthy oceans support seafood, tourism, jobs, and the broader health of the planet, giving coastal and inland communities alike a stake in ocean science. Drawing on her experience leading the Bipartisan Oceans Caucus, she explains how connecting ocean policy to people's livelihoods and everyday concerns has helped build coalitions around issues ranging from ocean acidification to marine debris.“[mCDR] is an area with a tremendous amount of potential. And when I learned that the ocean can absorb so much carbon and really store it, I thought this is a solution we need to learn more about and we need to do something about this,” said Congresswoman Bonamici. Looking ahead,Congresswoman Bonamici calls for continued investment in mCDR research, workforce development, public education, and community engagement. Advancing mCDR responsibly, she explains, will require strong science, meaningful stakeholder engagement, and clear explanations of both its potential and outstanding scientific questions.Plan Sea is a semi-weekly podcast exploring ocean-based climate solutions, brought to you by the Carbon to Sea Initiative and the American University Institute for Responsible Carbon Removal.ACRONYMS/CONCEPTS:RESCUE Oceans Act: Removing and Sequestering Carbon Unleashed in the Environment and Oceans ActCOAST Research Act: Coastal and Ocean Acidification Stressors and Threats Research ActmCDR: marine carbon dioxide removalOAE: ocean alkalinity enhancementNOAA: National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationNASA: National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNIST: National Institute of Standards and TechnologyOOI: Ocean Observatories InitiativeIRA: Inflation Reduction ActPlan Sea is a semi-weekly podcast exploring ocean-based climate solutions, brought to you by the Carbon to Sea Initiative & the American University Institute for Responsible Carbon Removal.
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    24 Min.
  • Indigenous Leaders Fawn Sharp, Francesca Hillery, and Ken Paul on the Role of Indigenous Knowledge in Ocean Climate Solutions

    Indigenous Leaders Fawn Sharp, Francesca Hillery, and Ken Paul on the Role of Indigenous Knowledge in Ocean Climate Solutions
    May 28 2026

    In this episode of Plan Sea, hosts Anna Madlener and Carbon to Sea’s Senior Manager for Communications Danny Gawlowski record from Carbon to Sea’s 2026 Annual Convening in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. They sit down with Fawn Sharp, and Francesca Hillery, and Ken Paul for a conversation on Indigenous knowledge systems, ocean climate solutions, and the future of ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE).

    In this episode, Anna and Danny explore how Indigenous knowledge can shape ocean-based carbon dioxide removal (oCDR). They’re joined by Indigenous leaders: Ken Paul, former national Director of Fisheries with the Assembly of First Nations, current Principal of Pokiok Associates and member of the Wolastoqey Nation at Neqotkuk; Fawn Sharp, former president of the National Congress of American Indians, former president of the Quinault Indian Nation, and current President of Indigenous Greenhouse Gas Removal Commission; and Francesca Hillery, Director of Programs and Partnerships for Tribal Carbon Solutions and member of the Round Valley Tribes in California, to discuss the importance of meaningful partnership, sovereignty, and Indigenous science in climate innovation.

    Fawn, Francesca, and Ken reflect on the role of Indigenous knowledge systems in environmental stewardship, emphasizing that these systems are grounded in centuries of observation, ecological understanding, and relationships with the natural world, and paired with cutting-edge scientific capabilities. Sharp emphasizes there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to Indigenous engagement. Instead, meaningful relationships should be collaborative, equitable, and rooted in Indigenous-led science and governance.

    The conversation also explores the risks of developing oCDR without collaboration with Indigenous communities. Without Indigenous input, Paul and Hillery warn of premature scaling and the commodification of nature. They emphasized the opportunity for Indigenous knowledge to guide and influence this emerging field.

    Plan Sea is a semi-weekly podcast exploring ocean-based climate solutions, brought to you by the Carbon to Sea Initiative and the American University Institute for Responsible Carbon Removal.

    ACRONYMS/CONCEPTS:

    • mCDR: marine carbon dioxide removal
    • oCDR: ocean-based carbon dioxide removal
    • OAE: ocean alkalinity enhancement
    • NGO: non-governmental organization
    • FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization
    • UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
    • COP: Conference of the Parties
    • IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
    • GIS: Geographic Information Systems

    Plan Sea is a semi-weekly podcast exploring ocean-based climate solutions, brought to you by the Carbon to Sea Initiative & the American University Institute for Responsible Carbon Removal.
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    1 Std.
  • Coastal Resilience and oCDR with Carbon Removal Standards Initiative’s Dr. Gabby Kitch and Anu Khan

    Coastal Resilience and oCDR with Carbon Removal Standards Initiative’s Dr. Gabby Kitch and Anu Khan
    Apr 2 2026

    In this episode of Plan Sea, hosts Anna Madlener and Dr. Wil Burns sit down with Dr. Gabby Kitch and Anu Khan from the Carbon Removal Standards Initiative (CRSI) — a nonprofit organization using science and policy to unlock carbon dioxide removal (CDR) opportunities — to break down their recently published roadmap, Our Coasts, Resiliency, and Carbon Dioxide Removal. The report identifies three coastal resilience pathways that offer possibility for alignment with ocean-based carbon dioxide removal.

    Authors of the report, Dr. Kitch and Anu Khan, discuss three types of coastal resilience pathways identified in the roadmap: living shorelines, ecosystem restoration, and stormwater infrastructure. The report explores how these pathways could also offer integrations with carbon removal. The report includes case studies from four coastal states — Louisiana, California, North Carolina, and New Jersey — as well as insights from interviews with more than 40 coastal practitioners.

    The report authors also explain that 40% of Americans live in coastal counties, making coastal resilience an evolving and necessary field. Across states, resilience infrastructure is expanding, but the authors emphasized that monitoring systems remain underfunded and how permitting processes vary across regions. Integrating CDR, however, can provide an opportunity for assessing its feasibility, standardizing monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV), while also leveraging investments to accelerate learning across the field. This builds on the concept of “sectoral integration,” which reframes CDR as a co-benefit rather than a standalone industry.

    Our guests also emphasize the importance of incorporating environmental justice into project design. They spotlight the need for early and meaningful community engagement, co-developing projects for local benefits, using culturally-relevant outreach strategies, and respecting Indigenous rights. Looking ahead, they note that integrated projects are becoming the norm by necessity, and continuing in this trend can position coastal resilience as a case for knowledge sharing across the field.

    Plan Sea is a semi-weekly podcast exploring ocean-based climate solutions, brought to you by the Carbon to Sea Initiative and the American University Institute for Responsible Carbon Removal.

    ACRONYMS/CONCEPTS:

    • CEQA: California Environmental Quality Act
    • CPRA: Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority
    • CRSI: Carbon Removal Standards Initiative
    • mCDR: Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal
    • MRV: Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification
    • NOAA: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
    • OAE: Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement

    Plan Sea is a semi-weekly podcast exploring ocean-based climate solutions, brought to you by the Carbon to Sea Initiative & the American University Institute for Responsible Carbon Removal.
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    56 Min.
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