In 2013, education reformers tried to help poor students the using the best tool at their disposal: The 16th most popular Ted Talk.

Special thanks to Marcus Credé!

Where to find us:

• Our Patreon
• Our merch!
• Peter's newsletter
• Peter's other podcast, 5-4
• Mike's other podcast, Maintenance Phase

Sources:

• Much Ado About Grit
• What Shall We Do About Grit?
• Grit under attack
• Teaching “Grit”
• The Problem With Grit
• The Limits of “Grit”
• Grit: The power of passion and perseverance
• Is 'Grit' Doomed To Be The New Self-Esteem?
• Measurement Matters
• Using Psychological Science to Help Children Thrive
• Self-Control and Academic Achievement
• Cognitive and noncognitive predictors of success
• Should non-cognitive skills be included in school accountability systems?
• Measuring Students’ Non-Cognitive Skills and the Impact of Schooling
• Grit: A Short History of a Useful Concept
• Teaching Kids 'Grit' is All the Rage.
• "Grit" Revisited
• Character Education: A Cautionary Note
• What if the Secret to Success Is Failure?
• The Effects of the EITC on Child Achievement
• Academic Performance And Food Stamps

Thanks to Mindseye for our theme song!

Peter went on Mike's other show, Maintenance Phase, to revisit a biohacking diet book for the boys.

Where to find us:

• Our Patreon
• Our merch!
• Peter's newsletter
• Peter's other podcast, 5-4
• Mike's other podcast, Maintenance Phase

Sources:

• The 4-Hour Body
• Does Glycemic Index Matter for Weight Loss? An Examination of the Evidence
• New! Improved! Shape Up Your Life!
• The 4-Hour Body: The Real App You Are Working On Is An App Called Yourself

Thanks to Mindseye for our theme song!

Peter and Michael discuss "Bullshit Jobs" by anarchist anthropologist David Graeber. The result: two professional podcasters debating which jobs are real and which jobs are fake.

Where to find us:

• Our Patreon
• Our merch!
• Peter's newsletter
• Peter's other podcast, 5-4
• Mike's other podcast, Maintenance Phase

Sources:

• On the Phenomenon of Bullshit Jobs: A Work Rant
• 37% of British workers think their jobs are meaningless
• Average Annual Hours Worked by Persons Engaged for United States
• The times they are not changin’: Days and hours of work in Old and New Worlds, 1870–2000
• ‘Bullshit’ After All? Why People Consider Their Jobs Socially Useless
• Alienation Is Not ‘Bullshit’: An Empirical Critique of Graeber’s Theory of BS Jobs
• Many people feel they work in pointless ‘bullshit’ jobs, research confirms
• The Overworked American: The Unexpected Decline of Leisure
• Study: Leisure Time Declines
• USA Consumption as percent of GDP
• The Significance of Task Significance: Job Performance Effects, Relational Mechanisms, and Boundary Conditions
• Task significance and meaningful work: A longitudinal study
• Americans’ job satisfaction in 2024

Thanks to Mindseye for our theme song!