Carbon dioxide can linger in the atmosphere for thousands of years, which is why scientists are exploring ways to remove it directly, including through the plants growing all around us. In this episode of Green and Bold, Dr. Rich Conant, Department Head and Professor in Ecosystem Science and Sustainability at Colorado State University, explains his research into engineering plants to produce carbon compounds that resist decomposition and stay locked in the soil. He also discusses how close this technology is to real-world deployment and its advantages over other carbon removal approaches.

• Rich Conant's Profile at Colorado State University
• The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal Report: https://www.stateofcdr.org/

This episode of Green and Bold explores an emerging climate frontier: pulling methane, a greenhouse gas responsible for 30% of global warming, straight out of the atmosphere. Guest Dr. Megan L. Melamed, Program Director for Methane Removal at Spark Climate Solutions, walks through the four leading removal approaches, how close any of them are to real-world deployment, and the biggest scientific and technical hurdles still standing in the way.

• NASEM Report on Methane Removal
• Spark Climate Solution's Website & the Methane Removal Program's Page
• Megan L. Melamed's Profile at Spark Climate Solutions
• Megan L. Melamed's LinkedIn

This episode of Green and Bold heads to Antarctica, where the potential collapse of the Thwaites, or "Doomsday," glacier could raise sea levels by six feet or more and displace hundreds of millions of people. Guest Dr. Brent Minchew, Professor of Geophysics at Caltech and co-founder of the Arête Glacier Initiative, explains the science behind stabilizing ice sheets, the barriers and criticisms facing this emerging field, and the thorny questions of who would decide to deploy such a technology and who would pay for it.

• Brent Minchew's work at Caltech
• Arête Glacier Initiative